When they check three times

If your opponent has not check/raised by the river, you can take the pot away from them a lot of the time.

There is a theory about live poker players we call the Firaldo Theorem, named after its creator Niall "Firaldo" Farrell.

The theory goes that if a live poker player has not check/raise the flop or turn from the Big Blind, they have a capped range.

That means, they have a range without any super strong hands in it. They probably don't even have top pair.

Exploiting capped ranges

As such, if you get checked to on the river by these players, you can overbet and take the pot away from them often.

This is a common leak amongst live poker players, they do not check/raise enough, and they certainly do not as a bluff.

They even just try and pot control strong hands like top pair, because they are scared to put too much money in the pot with them.

The Firaldo Theorem goes double in multiway pots. We have recently done a lot of study on this and it's fair to say that if all three streets get checked to you in a three-way pot, your opponents should both be super capped. You should be very aggressive on the river.

A quick addendum to the Firaldo Theorem, as Niall unfortunately found out when he coined it. It does mean you'll occasionally find yourself overbetting into players who rivered a miracle card that gave them the near nuts. But don't let that make you results-oriented.

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